Itraconazole

Itraconazole is an N-arylpiperazine and a conazole antifungal drug, structurally derived from cis-ketoconazole by replacing the imidazol-1-yl group with a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and the acetyl group with a p-[(±)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. It is a potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4, used to treat various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis. It functions as a P450 inhibitor, an EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor, and a Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor. It belongs to the classes of triazoles, dioxolanes, cyclic ketals, aromatic ethers, and dichlorobenzene.