Pioglitazone

Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione compound with a 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione core substituted by a benzyl group at position 5. This benzyl group is further substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity and functions as an insulin-sensitizing drug, PPARgamma agonist, and inhibitor of EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) and EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase). It also acts as a ferroptosis inhibitor, cardioprotective agent, antidepressant, geroprotector, and xenobiotic. It belongs to the classes of thiazolidinediones, aromatic ethers, and pyridines.