Afoxolaner is a potent isoxazoline ectoparasiticide indicated for the treatment and prevention of flea and tick infestations (Ixodes, Rhipicephalus, Dermacentor) in canines. Its mechanism of action involves the selective antagonism of GABA- and glutamate-gated chloride channels in the invertebrate nervous system, inducing hyperexcitation and fatal paralysis. Characterized by rapid systemic absorption and an extended elimination half-life, Afoxolaner supports a once-monthly oral dosing regimen and is frequently formulated with milbemycin oxime to provide broad-spectrum protection against both ectoparasites and endoparasites.